Researchers find 175,000 publicly exposed Ollama AI servers across 130 countries

A new joint investigation by SentinelOne SentinelLABS, and Censys has revealed that the open-source artificial intelligence (AI) deployment has created a vast “unmanaged, publicly accessible layer of AI compute infrastructure” that spans 175,000 unique Ollama hosts across 130 countries.

These systems, which span both cloud and residential networks across the world, operate outside the guardrails and monitoring systems that platform providers implement by default, the company said. The vast majority of the exposures are located in China, accounting for a little over 30%. The countries with the most infrastructure footprint include the U.S., Germany, France, South Korea, India, Russia, Singapore, Brazil, and the U.K.

“Nearly half of observed hosts are configured with tool-calling capabilities that enable them to execute code, access APIs, and interact with external systems, demonstrating the increasing implementation of LLMs into larger system processes,” researchers Gabriel Bernadett-Shapiro and Silas Cutler added.

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