The race to shore up Europe’s power grids against cyberattacks and sabotage

It was a sunny morning in late April when a massive power outage suddenly rippled across Spain, Portugal, and parts of southwestern France, leaving tens of millions of people without electricity for hours.

Cities were plunged into darkness. Trains stopped and metro lines had to be evacuated. Flights were cancelled. Mobile networks and internet providers went down. Roads were gridlocked as traffic lights stopped working.

It took 10 hours for power to be restored and 23 hours before the entire national grid in Spain was back up and running, with the incident being deemed the most severe blackout to have affected Europe in the last two decades.

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