Submarine cable security toolbox and cable projects of European interest

Submarine cables connecting Europe have suffered multiple incidents in recent years, which have raised awareness regarding the criticality and vulnerability of submarine cables carrying data or electricity.

To address these concerns, the European Commission and the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy adopted the EU Action Plan on Cable Security on 21 February 2025. This initiative follows the Commission’s Recommendation 2024/779 on Secure and Resilient Submarine Cable Infrastructures, and outlines a series of coordinated actions to address threats and enhance the resilience of data and power submarine cable infrastructures, across all stages of the resilience cycle: prevention, detection, response and recovery and deterrence.

To support the implementation of the Cable Recommendation and Action Plan, the Commission set up the Submarine Cable Infrastructures Expert Group, which published an EU risk assessment, including also mapping and stress test guidance on the security and resilience of EU submarine cable infrastructures in October 2025.

Read more at European Commission