Inside Iran’s cyber objectives: What do they want?

Experts say that, as a nation-state, Iran aims to take advantage of targets that can further its military and political goals simultaneously. What that looks like in practice, however, changes over time.

Iran has had a busy 2025, as far as its offensive cyber activities are concerned. Just this week, Google Cloud’s Mandiant reported that the Iran-nexus group UNC1549 was targeting aerospace and defense organizations for espionage-related purposes. But in addition to typical nation-state fare, Iran was particularly focused on its conflict with Israel in June, as well as the war in Gaza. 

And due to the U.S. getting involved in the former conflict (President Donald Trump targeted three Iranian nuclear facilities in “Operation Midnight Hammer”) and Iran’s vow to respond, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) warned in June the U.S. adversary could target domestic networks. 

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